Dr. Garth Allardice Explains What Causes Flat Feet

Flat feet occur when the arches of the feet collapse. It leads to the entire sole to touch the ground, also known as 'pes planus'.

"Flat feet can be a fairly common condition and one that is often hereditary."

As renowned orthopaedic surgeon Dr Garth Allardice explains in the video, flat feet are common.

The good news? They don't always cause problems. However, if left unaddressed, they can lead to pain, discomfort or even more severe complications down the line.

What Causes Flat Feet?

Flat feet can develop for various reasons. Some people inherit the condition, while others may experience it due to childhood developmental issues or injuries. In some cases, factors like prolonged standing, overuse or wearing poorly designed footwear can also play a role.

Age and obesity can also contribute to the worsening of the foot's natural arch and its structure. Early identification is essential, especially in children, as corrective measures can avoid long-term complications.

Symptoms and Complications

Flat feet can be asymptomatic for many individuals, meaning they don't cause pain or discomfort. However, some may experience symptoms such as:

• Foot and ankle pain
• Difficulty standing or walking for extended periods
• Swelling along the inner side of the foot

Flat feet, if ignored, can lead to a ripple effect of issues such as knee, hip or back pain. These complications stem from poor posture and an uneven gait, which place extra strain on other parts of the body.

Diagnosis and Evaluation

Identifying flat feet typically starts with a thorough physical exam, often supported by imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs to determine the extent of the arch collapse.

Orthopaedic specialist Dr Allardice emphasises the value of seeking professional advice to secure an accurate diagnosis and a customised treatment plan designed specifically for your needs.

Prioritising early intervention can help prevent long-term discomfort and mobility challenges.

Treatment Options

Treatment for flat feet depends on the severity and associated symptoms. Dr. Allardice says:

"The options for treating flat feet include non-invasive approaches often sufficient for mild cases."

Conservative Management

• Orthotic Devices: Specially designed insoles or arch supports can relieve pressure evenly across the foot.
• Physiotherapy: Strengthening exercises targeting the foot and ankle muscles help restore some degree of arch support.
• Lifestyle Modifications: Weight management and proper footwear selection are essential to reducing foot stress.

Surgical Intervention

For severe cases where conservative measures fail, surgery may be recommended. Procedures aim to reconstruct the arch, correct deformities and address underlying conditions causing the collapse.

Preventive Measures

Although hereditary factors cannot be controlled, steps can be taken to minimise the risk of developing flat feet:

• Wearing supportive footwear
• Avoiding prolonged periods of standing or walking on hard surfaces
• Maintaining a healthy weight

Final Thoughts

Flat feet are a common condition that can be effectively managed with timely care. If you or your child shows signs of flat feet, consulting a specialist can provide clarity and guidance on the most suitable treatment options to ensure long-term comfort and mobility.